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Dependability state model : ウィキペディア英語版
Dependability state model
A dependability state diagram is a method for modelling a system as a Markov chain. It is used in reliability engineering for availability and reliability analysis.
It consists of creating a finite state machine which represent the different
states a system may be in. Transitions between states happen as a result of events from underlying Poisson processes with different intensities.
== Example ==

A redundant computer system consist of identical two-compute nodes, which each fail with an intensity of \lambda. When failed, they are repaired one at the time by a single repairman with negative exponential distributed repair times with expectation \mu^.
* state 0: 0 failed units, normal state of the system.
* state 1: 1 failed unit, system operational.
* state 2: 2 failed units. system not operational.
Intensities from state 0 and state 1 are 2\lambda, since each compute node has a failure intensity of \lambda. Intensity from state 1 to state 2 is \lambda.
Transitions from state 2 to state 1 and state 1 to state 0 represent the repairs of the compute nodes and have the intensity \mu, since only a single unit is repaired at the time.

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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